By Aylin Woodward en The Wall Street Journal del 15 de Diciembre de 2022
Aunque el Departamento de Energía recientemente realizó una inversión de $50 millones para asociaciones público-privadas para comenzar a trabajar en diseños de plantas piloto de fusión, la comercialización de la energía de fusión está a años, si no décadas, según los investigadores.
“A muchas personas les gusta la analogía con el vuelo, por lo que este sería el avión de Wright despegando del suelo por primera vez”, dijo Jonathan Davies, científico principal del Laboratorio de Energía Láser de la Universidad de Rochester. “La energía de fusión comercial volaría aviones de pasajeros alrededor del mundo de forma regular”.
Los problemas técnicos primero deberán resolverse, según Gianluca Sarri, profesor de física en la Universidad Queen de Belfast que no participó en el nuevo hito.
Algunos de los problemas incluyen la naturaleza ineficiente de los láseres que los científicos del laboratorio de Livermore usan para desencadenar reacciones de fusión. Los láseres tienen menos del 1% de eficiencia, según el Dr. Davies. La Instalación Nacional de Ignición usó cientos de megajulios de electricidad para producir la luz láser necesaria para producir alrededor de 3 megajulios de energía de fusión en el experimento reciente. Unos pocos megajulios son suficientes para calentar solo alrededor de 10 teteras de agua.
“Una planta de energía de fusión láser tendría que disparar unas 10 veces por segundo para generar una salida de energía eléctrica razonable”, dijo el Dr. Davies.
¿Por qué es tan difícil lograr la fusión?
Reunir los núcleos de varios átomos de hidrógeno no es fácil: cada núcleo tiene una carga positiva, por lo que una fuerza natural repele los dos átomos y evita que se fusionen. Se necesitan temperaturas y presiones extremas para superar esa repulsión eléctrica y permitir que los núcleos se acerquen lo suficiente entre sí, y durante el tiempo suficiente, para fusionarse. Nuestro sol y otras estrellas se alimentan de este proceso; Las fuerzas gravitacionales masivas de los cuerpos celestes y las temperaturas muy altas crean las condiciones para que ocurra la fusión.
Reproducir esas condiciones extremas en un laboratorio en la Tierra es un desafío. Los láseres del laboratorio de Livermore ayudan a calentar los átomos de hidrógeno a temperaturas de más de 180 millones de grados Fahrenheit y presiones de más de 100 mil millones de veces la atmósfera de la Tierra.
“Este experimento ha demostrado por primera vez que esto se puede hacer en un entorno de laboratorio, en lugar de en una estrella”, dijo el Dr. Robbie Scott, físico sénior de plasma en la Instalación Láser Central del Laboratorio Rutherford Appleton cerca de Oxford, Inglaterra, quien no está involucrado en el experimento reciente.
Investigadores de más de 50 países están trabajando en investigación sobre fusión nuclear y física del plasma.
¿Cómo podría usarse la energía de fusión?
La Agencia Internacional de Energía Atómica ha dicho que la fusión podría usarse para generar electricidad comercialmente. Pero hay otras aplicaciones potenciales que podrían desarrollarse, como la producción de hidrógeno, la desalinización de agua, la captura directa de dióxido de carbono en el aire y la producción de electrocombustibles, según la Oficina de Política Científica y Tecnológica de la Casa Blanca.
Ver nota completa en The Wa;ll Street Journal https://www.wsj.com/articles/nuclear-fusion-breakthrough-what-to-know-11670976073?reflink=integratedwebview_share
Hello just wanted to give you a quick heads up. The text in your post seem to be running off the screen in Chrome. I’m not sure if this is a formatting issue or something to do with web browser compatibility but I thought I’d post to let you know. The design and style look great though! Hope you get the issue solved soon. Thanks
I believe that is among the most important information for me. And i am satisfied studying your article. But should observation on some general issues, The website style is wonderful, the articles is really great : D. Excellent activity, cheers
Admiring the commitment you put into your blog and in depth information you present. It’s awesome to come across a blog every once in a while that isn’t the same old rehashed material. Wonderful read! I’ve saved your site and I’m adding your RSS feeds to my Google account.
It’s going to be endding off minne day, except before finish I aam reqding this enormous
arficle to increase my experience.
Hello there, I found your website by way of Google even as looking for a related topic, your web site got here up, it seems to be good. I have bookmarked it in my google bookmarks.
Hi there, simply turned into alert to your blog through Google, and found that it is really informative. I am gonna be careful for brussels. I’ll be grateful if you proceed this in future. A lot of people can be benefited from your writing. Cheers!
I was curious if you ever thought of changing the page layout of your blog? Its very well written; I love what youve got to say. But maybe you could a little more in the way of content so people could connect with it better. Youve got an awful lot of text for only having 1 or 2 pictures. Maybe you could space it out better?
I know this if off topic but I’m looking into starting my own blog and was wondering what all is required to get setup? I’m assuming having a blog like yours would cost a pretty penny? I’m not very internet smart so I’m not 100% positive. Any recommendations or advice would be greatly appreciated. Thank you
This paragraph is in fact a pleasant one it helps new web viewers, who are wishing for blogging.
I got this site from my friend who told me concerning this web page and now this time I am visiting this site and reading very informative content at this time.
Hi, just wanted to mention, I liked this blog post. It was funny. Keep on posting!
Hello There. I found your blog using msn. This is an extremely well written article. I will be sure to bookmark it and return to read more of your useful info. Thanks for the post. I’ll definitely comeback.
I am sure this paragraph has touched all the internet users, its really really good post on building up new webpage.
Hey there just wanted to give you a quick heads up. The text in your content seem to be running off the screen in Firefox. I’m not sure if this is a format issue or something to do with internet browser compatibility but I thought I’d post to let you know. The design and style look great though! Hope you get the problem resolved soon. Kudos
This is the right webpage for everyone who really wants to find out about this topic. You know a whole lot its almost tough to argue with you (not that I actually would want to…HaHa). You certainly put a brand new spin on a subject that’s been written about for ages. Excellent stuff, just excellent!
Great information. Lucky me I found your website by chance (stumbleupon). I have saved as a favorite for later!
Wow, that’s what I was exploring for, what a stuff! existing here at this website, thanks admin of this website.
whoah this blog is excellent i love reading your articles. Stay up the good work! You already know, many people are searching round for this info, you could help them greatly.
Simply desire to say your article is as astonishing. The clearness in your post is just great and i can assume you are an expert on this subject. Well with your permission let me to grab your feed to keep up to date with forthcoming post. Thanks a million and please carry on the gratifying work.
When someone writes an paragraph he/she keeps the image of a user in his/her brain that how a user can be aware of it. So that’s why this paragraph is amazing. Thanks!
continuously i used to read smaller articles which also clear their motive, and that is also happening with this article which I am reading at this place.
I constantly spent my half an hour to read this web site’s posts all the time along with a cup of coffee.
I’m really enjoying the theme/design of your weblog. Do you ever run into any web browser compatibility issues? A small number of my blog readers have complained about my site not working correctly in Explorer but looks great in Firefox. Do you have any suggestions to help fix this problem?
If you would like to increase your know-how just keep visiting this web page and be updated with the hottest information posted here.
Terrific post however I was wanting to know if you could write a litte more on this topic? I’d be very thankful if you could elaborate a little bit further. Cheers!
That is very fascinating, You’re an overly professional blogger. I’ve joined your rss feed and look ahead to in search of extra of your great post. Also, I have shared your web site in my social networks
Whats up very nice site!! Guy .. Beautiful .. Superb .. I’ll bookmark your blog and take the feeds also? I am satisfied to find numerous helpful info right here within the publish, we want work out more strategies in this regard, thanks for sharing. . . . . .
I used to be able to find good advice from your blog articles.
I am now not positive where you are getting your info, but great topic. I must spend some time finding out more or figuring out more. Thank you for wonderful info I used to be in search of this information for my mission.
After looking into a number of the blog posts on your site, I really like your technique of writing a blog. I saved it to my bookmark website list and will be checking back soon. Take a look at my web site as well and let me know your opinion.
Rattling clean web site, thank you for this post.